Wheeler,+Hannah


 * Important People || Important Places || Important Events ||
 * Allen Dulles- Director of the CIA, who tried to stop potential communism || Cuba- place of the Cuban Missile Crisis || Communist Revolution in Russia took place ||
 * John Dulles- Secretary of State who helped form the New Look policy || Germany, the Berlin wall was built here to split up Germany || Germany is split and the Berlin war goes up ||
 * Dwight D. Eisenhower- U.S president who expanded New Deal and fought communism in Vietnam || Russia- was the only other country with Nuclear missiles, responsible for lots of war crisis || Communists invade Vietnam ||
 * John F. Kennedy- New Frontier program, used flexible response to contain Communism || Korea- place of the Korean war || Putnik satellite launched ||
 * Nikita Khrushchev- Leader of the Communist Party in Russia and leader during U-2 and Cuban missile crisis || United States- fought the major wars and crisis like the Bay of Pigs and the Science race with the Soviet Union. || Castro gains control of Cuba ||
 * Douglas MacArthur- Commanded Allied forces in the Pacific during World War II, he also commanded forces in Korea || Bay of Pigs invasion ||  ||
 * Richard M. Nixon- president who prosecuted Alger Hiss for being a communist || Cuban Missile Crisis ||  ||
 * Harry S. Truman- Carried out rest of World War II, and created the Marshall Plan. || Gorbachev becomes premier of Soviet Union ||  ||
 * || Berlin Wall Collapses ||  ||
 * || Communism in Russia dies ||  ||

Civil Rights

Brown v. Board of Education is significant because it was a major event in the issue concerning segregation of public schools. After being denied admission to her school in Kansas, Linda Brown's parents sued the school board and stood by the fourteenth amendment. It showed that they were not afraid to take advantage of their rights and stand up for equality.

Thurgood Marshall was an attorney as well as the director of the NAACP's Legal Defense and Education Fund. He focused his efforts on ending segregation in public schools such as the case Brown v. Board of Education. Oliver Hill, a civil rights attorney from Richmond, helped end the doctrine of "separate but equal." He recieved numerous awards for his achievements against racial discrimination as well.

Virginia's response to the Brown v. Board of Education decision was rebellious. While other schools in bordering states integrated their schools, Virginia called on Southerners to adopt "massive resistance" against the ruling. This made integration difficult and caused for more court cases in the South.

In 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. made a scene at the Lincoln Memorial, followed by more than 200,000 supporters. His goal was to lobby Congress and build public support. His inspiring speeches and large crowds only grew and opened the eyes of the public on civil rights. He practiced peaceful actions spoke strongly, building momentum for the civil rights bill.

By passing laws to protect the rights of African Americans, the legislative process assisted the concept of integration/equality. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 gave the federal government power to prevent racial discrimination. Segregation became illegal and public facilities were to be shared by white and colored people.

The NAACP is an organization determined to fight for equality among races. By supporting court cases, such as those of Rosa Parks and Brown v. Board of Education, they worked as a strong group and succeeded with many cases. This led to passage of civil rights and other advantages. Without its consistency

To expand diversity, the United States Supreme Court of today has members of either gender, and any race. Thurgood Marshall was the first African American, followed by Sandra Day O'Connor, the first woman. This group represents what America is with its equality and diversity.

Decisions of the United States Supreme Court have been strongly influenced by the NAACP. Civil liberties have been extended by those such as Brown v. Board of Education, leading to desegregation in schools, and other cases granting all races the same equal protection under the law. States one after another began to see in black in white and look passed the color of one's skin to promote fairness and equality.

2. The opening of King's Speech acknowledges the history going to be made. He tells of the Emancipation Proclamation signed one century prior to this day, freeing slaves from their "captivity." He explains how the Negro still is not free and is chained down with discrimination. The Declaration of Independence was supposed to grant unalienable rights to all men, black or white. He compares society to a bank and begins to repeat, "now is the time." Supporting peaceful protests and free from anger, King speaks out to those battered and beaten or fresh from jail to keep moving forward, without looking back and most importantly without any violence. Then comes the famous "I have a dream" repetition, with hopes children can play with who they wish, people may be judged solely on their character, and that the world be transformed. He exclaims "let freedom ring" on several parts of the country with enthusiasm, and then we will be "free at last!"

3.
 * Person || Importance ||
 * W.E.B Dubois || Founded NAACP in 1909 ||
 * Marcus Garvey || Universal Negro Improvement Association Harlem Renaissance Resettlement of blacks in Africa ||
 * Lyndon B. Johnson || Civil Rights Act of 1964 Voting Rights Act (1965) ||
 * Martin Luther King Jr. || Montgomery Bus Boycott Founded SCLC I Have A Dream Speech Wrote Letter From Birmingham Jail ||

4. #1 = Dred Scott v. Sanford. Missouri slave sued for freedom on what was free territory. Court rules against him.
 * 1) 2 = Brown v. Board of Education. A young girl is denied admission into school in Kansas. Fourteenth amendment supports case.
 * 2) 3 = Sweatt v. Painter. Court strikes down on segregation of law/graduate schools. NAACP Legal Defense Funds led by Thurgood Marshall.
 * 3) 4 = Cooper v. Aaron. Stated "official resistance and community violence could not justify delays in implementing desegregation efforts."
 * 4) 5 = Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. Bans racial discrimination in private and governmental housing.

5. Subject = Martin Luther King Jr., writes a letter from within the walls of a jail in Birmingham. Occasion = He and others are arrested at protest. Audience = King's fellow clergymen of the protest. Purpose = To preach his peaceful intentions. Summary = King explains the need for civil rights and the urgency as well as the importance of non-violent resistance. He is also disappointed with the discrimination still present and determined to draw up another movement.

Contemporary Society

1. Goals = Collapse of Soviet Communism, "peace through strength," restoration of the economy especially the issue with stagflation Results = Allies to defeat Communists, tax cuts, stretch of peacetime, female on Supreme Court (Sandra Day O'Connor)

George H.W. Bush = The Persian Gulf War and invasion of Panama Bill Clinton = aided Hutu suffering from genocide, ordered missle attacks on Afghanistan George W. Bush = War in Iraq, aftermath of September 11th, tracking down al-quaeda

Since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, discrimination has reappeared throughout the United States. Those of Middle Eastern descent are being judged as "terrorists" when they are usually innocent families with a strong culture/religion. This has caused tension between races and religions and had an affect on society. Some factors affecting the economy both in and out of the United States include the value of currency, trade/exports/imports, and the stock market.

2. Tammy Wheeler, "The assassination of President John F. Kennedy was historically significant because he was a very charismatic president. My mother remembers being in school when it happened, the entire school weeping. I think it still shocks people to know such a star has fallen. As for Martin Luther King Jr., he was a strong symbol of equality for African Americans. I was young when he was assassinated but it is still remembered today. The importance of this event is extremely significant to many races. To see someone like Richard Nixon, someone so powerful, still be held accountable for his actions was surprising. I remember playing with my toys in front of the television when it happened. I believe many leaders today are more careful because of what happened. A month after Hannah was born, my husband and I were celebrating my father-in-law's birthday when we heard the terrifying news of the bombing of Oklahoma City Federal Building. It made a lasting impression on me because children were killed and I had my first child. The event at Kent State University was frightening because the government had ironically commited an act of terror. I'm not sure where I was but my parents were very upset. The Space Shuttle accident was not necessarily as significant as it was tragic. It was my day off and the kids were in school, too young to understand the tragedy to the fullest. Space travel has influenced so much of our technology and to see it in pieces was startling. Finally, the worst and most vivid for me was the September 11th attack on the World Trade Center. We are originally from the state of New York and much of our family and friends were worried. I went to school near there and I didnt know what would come next. I still get shivers thinking about it."

3. > *Student remembers the most about*
 * Iranian StudentsTakeover U.S. Embassy... ~1980
 * U.S. Embassy in BeirutBombed... April 18, 1983
 * 261 U.S. Marines Killedin Beirut Barracks Explosion... October 23, 1983
 * Car Bomb explodes atU.S. Embassy in Kuwait...December 12, 1983 *Should have made Americans realize a threat*
 * U.S. Soldier’s HangoutBombed in Madrid...April 12, 1985
 * 22 Killed When VWExplodes at Rhein-Main Gate...August 8, 1985
 * Achille Lauro Hijacked...October 7, 1985
 * TWA Flight 840 IncidentKills Four...April 02, 1986
 * 259 Killed overLockerbie, Scotland...December 21, 1988
 * Two C.I.A. Agents ShotEntering Headquarters Building...January 25, 1993
 * World Trade Center Bombkills 6, Injures over 1,000...February 26, 1993
 * Car Bomb kills 7Americans in Riyadh...November 13, 1995
 * Khobar Towers Hit; 19Servicemen Killed; Over 500 Injured...June 25, 1996
 * .S. Embassies in Kenyaand Tanzania Attacked...August 07, 1998
 * // U.S.S. Cole // Explosion Kills 17 Sailors...October 12, 2000
 * World Trade Center Hitby Two Passenger Planes, Pentagon Also Hit...September 11, 2001 *Best represented War on Terrorism*

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Congress Activity

Hannah Wheeler Derek Devasia Caitlin Thompson Veganation One of the biggest underlying problems facing the United States is obesity. America’s health is in jeopardy, and the thousands of diet-based hospitalizations are affecting our economy and our image. Little does our population know, but going vegan is one of the simplest ways to lose weight and save money (in the long run). Fact: it has been proven that if land used for grazing cattle was instead used to raise crops, world hunger could be easily eliminated. Not only could America’s hunger be ended…but the entire world! Diet is a major factor in three of the leading causes of death in America today. The risk of heart disease, cancer, and stroke can be dramatically reduced by a non-dairy vegetarian diet. While protein supports good health, it is also a fact that plants yield ten times more protein per acre than meat. This extra space could not only be used for a healthier alternative, but also more room for anything else important. Overweight and obesity and their associated health problems have a significant economic impact on the United States health care system. The medical care costs of obesity totaled about $147 billion in 2008. In 1995 this number was $99.2 billion; obviously the numbers are growing rapidly. Obese respondents reported spending 36% more on health services and 77% more on medications than normal-weight individuals. Of those obese individuals, meat-eaters are shown to have three times the obesity rate than vegetarians and nine times the obesity rate of vegans. By converting America to an animal-friendly, heart-happy nation, we can save money and save lives. Obesity numbers would shrink to eventually nothing by using the money saved to council those still struggling with weight problems. That extra money could also go to many other causes and health benefits. America can be known as something better than BIG. Lives of animals and humans could prosper and food could be natural and tasty! Derek put the Bill on his his wikispace :)